What is an Earthquake Detection System?

John Spacey, updated on July 05, 2023

An earthquake detection system is a service that provides an early warning of an approaching earthquake. Such systems are possible because seismic waves are generally slower than modern computing networks such as fiber optics. As such, it is possible to detect earthquakes and provide a warning to impacted areas seconds or even minutes before an earthquake arrives. This gives people time to prepare. This also allows automated responses that secure vehicles, buildings and infrastructure. For example, trains may stop, the gates to a tunnel may be closed and elevators may stop at the nearest floor.

Examples

Japan and Taiwan both have nationwide systems of earthquake warnings. In Japan, earthquake warnings rely on a system of 4,235 seismometers installed strategically throughout the country. Warnings are sent to phones and displayed by television stations. There are systems in place to stop high speed trains and some buildings are equipped to stop elevators. Construction sites, airports and activities such as window washing typically have specific procedures for handling an earthquake warning.

Due to the large number of earthquakes in Japan, most people are familiar with recommended procedures to prepare for an earthquake. Japan also has a separate tsunami warning system. Such systems give more warning to places that are far from the epicenter of an earthquake. Proximity to the epicenter results in instantaneous shaking that precludes a warning.

Overview: Earthquake Detection System
Type	Safety Design
Definition	A system designed to warn people and systems of approaching seismic waves generated by an earthquake.
Related Concepts	Safety Design Flight Envelope Protection Bulkhead