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19 Types of Data Quality

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Data quality is the degree to which information fits its purpose. It can be difficult for organizations to agree on data quality criteria because each team may use data towards different purposes. The following are commonly used criteria to define data quality.

Accessible

Data that can be accessed as required.

Accuracy

The data accurately reflects reality.

Auditability

An audit trail records the source of data and all access and changes.

Completeness

The data includes the required elements and attributes.

Context

The data includes context information such as source.

Factual accuracy

Data that is true.

Integrity

Free of unauthorized alteration and data corruption.

Metadata

There is sufficient data that describes the data.

Non-repudiation

Evidence that data such as transactions, documents and communications are authentic.

Ownership

The data has a named data custodian and data steward.

Precision

Recorded at an appropriate level of detail and granularity.

Relevance

The data is not meaningless or low value.

Reliability

Data that can be trusted.

Single source of truth

Data can have copies but it needs to be clear which copy is the master.

Standardized

The data complies to standards such as templates and standard formats.

Structure

The data is well architected and designed.

Timeliness

Up-to-date information that has arrived fast enough.

Traceable

There is a record of the data source and changes to data.

Validity

The data has been validated against defined rules, controls and standards.
Critical to data quality:

Relevance

Data that is useful to support processes, procedures and decision making.

Timeliness

How quickly data is created, updated and deleted.

Precision

The exactness of data. For example, a company that has annual revenue of $3,451,001,323 as opposed to a 3 billion dollar company.

Correctness

Data that is free of errors, omissions and inaccuracies.

Completeness

Data that is compete relative to your business purpose. For example, an order for an economy car may need configuration details such as color, wheel size and electronics package. An order for a luxury car may require additional details such as engine type, seat and interior package.

Credibility

Data that stems from reputable sources such as verified company press releases as opposed to social media rumors.

Traceability

Data that can be traced to its source. If someone changed your prices, you should be able to figure out who.
Overview: Data Quality
Type
Definition
Information that fits its purpose.
Related Concepts
Next: Master Data
More about data quality:
Data Artifact
Data Cleansing
Data Corruption
Data Degradation
Data Integrity
Data Rot
IT Quality
Legacy Data
More ...
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