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9 Types of Specifications

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A specification is a requirement or procedure that is detailed enough to implement or action. Specifications are a basic business tool that are used to implement strategy and manage operations. The following are common types of specification.

Requirement Specifications

Documentation of a business need. Business units may provide high level requirements such as user stories. Requirement specifications provide everything required to design a product, service, tool, infrastructure component, process or procedure.
The app must allow users to pause media that they are streaming.

Design Specifications

Descriptions of how requirements will be realized. A design provides everything required to implement requirements.
The poster must be 24 inches by 36 inches at 900 DPI for printing.

Material Specifications

Specifications of physical, mechanical, electrical and chemical properties and tolerances. Included in the design of physical things such as products.
Concrete for the building foundation must be certified as having a compressive strength of 6000 psi or greater.

Standard Specifications

Descriptions of industry or internal standards.
The mobile app must conform to our brand guidelines [link to brand guidelines].

User Experience

Requirements that shape the user experience such as response time.
The users must be able to reach all configuration options within one click of every screen.

Integration Specifications

Detailing how things will work together such as a software API for system integration.
The mobile app must retrieve the billing information from the billing API.

Test Specifications

Describing how to test a product, service, process, infrastructure component, tool, machine or environment. This includes specifications for functional testing, non-functional testing, user acceptance testing and quality control.
A performance test will simulate 1,000 concurrent users and execute 500 transactions per second. This will be benchmarked to confirm conformance with our performance standards [link to standards].

Performance Specifications

Specifications of target operating characteristics such as the availability of a service.
The system must achieve 99.98% uptime on a monthly basis.

Quality Specifications

Definitions of quality that are used for purposes such as design, testing and quality control. Quality can include both tangible elements such as the size of an apple and intangible elements such as its taste.
The cakes have a shelf life of 36 hours and must not be sold beyond this expiration.
Overview: Specifications
Type
Definition
A requirement or procedure that is detailed enough to implement or action.
Related Concepts
Next: Requirements
More about specifications:
Behavioral Requirements
Business Requirements
Design Requirements
Functional Requirements
Information Requirements
Missing Requirements
Quality Requirements
Quality Specifications
Requirements
Requirements Quality
Specifications
Usability Requirements
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