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What is Defense In Depth?

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Defense in depth is an IT security strategy that uses multiple layers of security controls. It is often explained with an analogy to a castle with many layers of defense such as moats, walls and finally a castle keep.
A basic principle of IT security is that components shouldn't trust each other. That is to say, that each component should assume that other components in an organization or technology stack have been compromised. It is impractical to have every single component in a large system that has no trust in anything. As such, layers are established that don't trust each other. The following are examples of layers used by defense in depth strategies.
Processes
Procedures
User Interfaces
Applications
Data Access Layers
Platforms
Servers
Operating Systems
Networks
Demilitarized zones
Data Repositories
The following are examples of techniques that may be used at each layer to implement security.
Training & situational awareness
Authentication & authorization
Pattern scanning such as anti-virus tools
Intrusion detection
Encryption
Perimeters such as firewalls
Audit trails
Sandboxes
Overview: Defense In Depth
Type
Information Security
Definition
An IT security strategy that uses multiple layers of security controls.
Related Concepts
Information Security
Privacy
Human Error

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