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Work is a productive pursuit that is intended to create value. Where there are perhaps millions of types of jobs paid and unpaid, these can all be categorized according to several foundational types of work:
GeneralistRoles and tasks that involve applying knowledge from many domains in a flexible and dynamic way. For example, a hotel manager who deals with accounting, maintenance, operations and customer service in a single shift.SpecialistRoles and tasks that involve highly specific know-how such as an elevator technician who knows how to repair and maintain certain types of elevator. This includes trades such as electricians.
EntrepreneurAn entrepreneur is an individual who creates new industries, business models, products, services and ways of doing things. This requires the flexibility of a generalist.CapitalistAn individual who puts capital and people to work. For example, a restaurant owner who employs dozens of people and generates value from capital such as buildings. This includes anyone who takes risks with their own money such as a farmer who puts land to work.
Strategy & PlanningThe process of forming strategy, making decisions and implementing. Includes roles such as executive management, project management and change management.CommunicationsWork that is primarily about communicating such as sales, customer service and advertising. This includes any role that is highly social.HealthcareAny role in the healthcare industry. This involves the application of knowledge and has a human side that requires sympathy and ethics.
CreativeThe creation of nonobvious works. This includes areas such as art, design and craft where one work item may be extremely valuable and another worthless.Knowledge WorkWork that primarily involves creating, communicating, managing and applying knowledge. This includes diverse areas such as research, teaching and business operations.Professional ServicesThe services of recognized professionals such as doctors, dentists, lawyers and accountants.
ManagementManagement is the process of directing and controlling teams, resources, processes and missions.TechnicalThe process of automating work including software development, technical specialists and technology operations roles.AdministrationThe bureaucratic practice of implementing policy, processes, procedures and standards. This includes any work that is standardized, repeatable and predictable.
Manual LaborPhysical work that isn't particularly creative, specialized or social.|
| Type | | | Definition | A productive pursuit that is intended to create value. | | Related Concepts | |
Careers
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